LPI 030-100: Web Development Essentials

Last checked November 10, 2026 against the official LPI exam page.

1. Question 1034 JavaScript Programming

   A developer declares const settings = { theme: 'dark' }; and later in the same function runs settings.theme = 'light';. What happens?

   1. AAn error is thrown, because const values can never be changed
   2. Bsettings becomes undefined, because const values are read-only
   3. CThe property changes, because const only blocks reassigning the binding
   4. DThe write is ignored, because const objects are frozen
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   Correct answer: C

   const prevents reassigning the variable itself, but the object it refers to remains mutable, so the property update succeeds. The other options confuse const with Object.freeze, which is a separate mechanism that makes an object's properties read-only.

2. Question 2032 HTML Document Markup

   Which element must appear in the head section of an HTML document to set the text shown in the browser tab?

   1. AThe title element
   2. BThe meta element
   3. CThe header element
   4. DThe h1 element
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   Correct answer: A

   The title element in the head provides the document title that browsers show in tabs and use in bookmarks. h1 is a visible heading in the body, meta supplies machine-readable metadata such as the character set, and header is a body-level element for introductory content.

3. Question 3033 CSS Content Styling

   A stylesheet contains p.intro { color: navy; } and #hero p { color: red; }. A paragraph with the class intro sits inside a container with the id hero. Which color does the paragraph show?

   1. ANavy, because the class selector is listed first in the stylesheet
   2. BNavy, because a class selector is more specific than an element selector
   3. CRed, because an id selector outweighs any number of class selectors
   4. DBlack, because two conflicting rules cancel each other out
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   Correct answer: C

   #hero p has one id and one element (1,0,1), while p.intro has one class and one element (0,1,1), and an id outranks any number of classes, so red wins. Source order only decides between rules of equal specificity, and conflicting rules never cancel each other out.

4. Question 4035 NodeJS Server Programming

   A developer wants to share a helper function from one Node.js file with another file in a CommonJS project. Which pattern is appropriate?

   1. AAssign it to module.exports in the helper and call require in the other file
   2. BCopy the function text into the other file each time it is needed
   3. CCall the helper through the window object from the other file
   4. DPlace the helper in the HTML file and load it with a script tag
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   Correct answer: A

   module.exports publishes a value from a CommonJS module, and require loads it where it is needed. Copying code duplicates it and makes changes hard to maintain, while window and script tags belong to the browser and are not part of Node.js module loading.

5. Question 5031 Software Development and Web Technologies

   An online store's checkout page sends a new order to the server. The team needs a request method that changes server-side state, is neither safe nor idempotent, and could create duplicate orders if a user submits the form twice. Which HTTP method fits this request?

   1. AGET
   2. BPOST
   3. CPUT
   4. DDELETE
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   Correct answer: B

   POST is used to submit data that creates or changes server-side state, and it is neither safe nor idempotent, so repeating it can create duplicates. GET is safe and idempotent, while PUT and DELETE are idempotent, so repeating them leaves the same final state.