Free 220-1201 practice test: 30 questions with answers

An address in 169.254.0.0/16 is assigned automatically when no DHCP server responds. Static addresses are configured by hand, public addresses come from an ISP, and loopback is 127.0.0.1.

HTTPS uses port 443 by default. Port 80 is for plain HTTP, port 22 is used by SSH, and port 3389 is used by Remote Desktop Protocol.

SSH provides an encrypted remote shell on TCP port 22. Telnet sends data in clear text, FTP is a file transfer protocol, and SMTP is used to send email.

A router forwards packets between networks using IP routing decisions. A switch forwards frames within a network using MAC addresses, a hub repeats signals to every port, and an access point bridges wireless clients to the wired LAN.

A /24 prefix has 24 network bits, which is written as 255.255.255.0. /16 is 255.255.0.0, /25 is 255.255.255.128, and /8 is 255.0.0.0.

10.0.0.0/8 and 172.16.0.0/12 are private ranges from RFC 1918. 8.8.8.0/24 is public, 203.0.113.0/24 is reserved for documentation, and 100.64.0.0/10 is shared address space used by carrier-grade NAT.

No fan activity at all points to a power delivery problem, so the PSU, its switch and cabling should be checked first. Thermal paste, RAM latches and monitor settings do not prevent the system from starting.

PCIe x16 slots host graphics cards and some high-bandwidth adapters. System memory uses DIMM slots, SATA drives connect with SATA cables, and USB flash drives plug into USB ports.

DDR4 desktop slots accept DDR4 DIMM modules with the matching key position. DDR3 and DDR5 use different notches, SO-DIMM is a laptop form factor, and SIMM is an obsolete format.

A solid-state drive stores data in flash memory without spinning platters or moving heads. Hard drives use spinning platters, optical discs use a spinning disc and a laser, and tape drives move tape past read heads.

SATA data cables use a 7-pin connector. The 24-pin ATX connector powers the motherboard, the 8-pin EPS connector powers the CPU, and Molex supplies power to legacy drives.

A mounting bracket adapts a 2.5-inch drive to a 3.5-inch bay safely. Cutting the housing damages the drive, replacing the motherboard is unnecessary, and PCIe slots are for expansion cards.

MTP lets Windows browse the phone's storage over USB. Charge only mode provides power without data access, airplane mode disables radios, and tethering shares the phone's connection rather than its files.

LED-backlit LCD panels place LEDs behind the liquid crystal layer to light the image. OLED pixels emit their own light, E-ink is reflective, and plasma is a large-screen technology that is not used in laptops.

Wi-Fi-only models do not include a cellular radio, so no SIM can be used. DNS errors affect name lookups, a VPN changes routing, and a low battery does not disable a cellular radio that is present.

PIN or passcode locks and biometric locks restrict who can use the device. Disabling the lock, sharing the passcode and turning off encryption all weaken protection.

Bluetooth pairs nearby peripherals over short distances. NFC works only at a few centimetres for tap payments, cellular provides network data, and GPS receives satellite positioning signals.

The internal display cable carries the video signal from the motherboard to the panel. Charging cables supply power, SATA cables connect drives, and riser cables serve expansion cards, so none of them feed the laptop panel.

Name resolution is handled by DNS, so a name failure with a working IP points to DNS. DHCP assigns addresses, NTP synchronises time, and SNMP monitors devices.

A missing boot device usually means the drive is not detected or is not in the boot order. Keyboard, monitor and mouse settings have no effect on which device the firmware boots from.

ipconfig shows the IP address, subnet mask and default gateway for each adapter. chkdsk checks disks, diskpart manages partitions, and sfc checks protected system files.

tracert lists each hop on the path with its response time. nslookup queries DNS, netstat lists connections and ports, and gpresult reports applied Group Policy.

Thermal throttling points to cooling problems, so the cooler, fan and thermal interface should be checked first. Storage size, brightness and port count do not change CPU temperature.

A cable tester checks continuity and wire mapping, which reveals broken or crossed conductors. Torque drivers tighten fasteners, wrist straps prevent static, and label printers mark cables.

Live migration moves a running VM between hosts with little or no downtime. Snapshots capture point-in-time state, thin provisioning allocates disk space on demand, and cold cloning requires the VM to be powered off.

Cloud services provide self-service provisioning and consumption-based billing. Mandatory on-premises hardware, fixed capacity and manual helpdesk provisioning all describe traditional models that cloud computing avoids.

A private cloud is dedicated to one organisation, whether hosted on premises or by a provider. A public cloud is shared by many customers, a community cloud serves a group with shared requirements, and a hybrid cloud combines models.

A Type 1 hypervisor runs on bare metal and hosts virtual machines directly. A Type 2 hypervisor runs on top of an operating system, containers share a host kernel, and a thin client broker is not a hypervisor type.

Infrastructure as a Service gives customers virtual machines they manage, including the operating system. SaaS delivers finished applications, PaaS manages the platform for code, and DRaaS provides disaster recovery as a service.

Long-lived snapshots keep growing delta files that consume storage and slow disk operations. They do not change MAC addresses, disable CPUs, or make backups unrestorable.